迪士尼彩乐园官网提现

We live in an incredible time of exploration, on the verge of finding out whether we are alone in the cosmos or not.

咱们生存在一个令东谈主难以置信的探索时间，行将发现咱们在天地中是否放心。

This is one of the biggest questions humankind has ever asked.

这是东谈主类迄今摈弃建议的最大问题之一。

And now, for the first time, we have a tool that could find out.

刻下，咱们第一次有了不错找出谜底的器用。

Because the James Webb Space Telescope is a telescope large enough to be able to catch light from planets like ours, as small as ours, but circling other stars light-years away.

因为詹姆斯韦伯天际千里镜实足大， 冒失捕捉到像咱们的行星同样的行星发出的光，这些行星和咱们的行星同样小， 但却围绕着数光年外的其他恒星运行。

Because this search is a search over vast cosmic distances, even light needs years to travel these trillions of miles between stars.

由于此次搜索是在繁多的天地距离上进行的，即使是光也需要数年的期间才能在恒星之间行进数万亿英里。

So when you look up at the sky at night, you look back in time.

因此，当你仰望夜空时，你会纪念曩昔。

Let's imagine you were on a planet circling our neighboring star, about four light-years away.

假定你在一颗围绕咱们把握恒星运行的行星上，距离咱们约四光年。

Then you would see the Earth tonight, like it was four years ago.

那么你今晚就会看到地球，就像四年前同样。

On a planet 70 million light-years away, you could still see the dinosaurs roam here.

在距离咱们7000万光年的星球上，你仍然不错看到恐龙在这里踱步。

And it also means that out in the sky, there is a star whose light arrives tonight, that was sent out when you were born.

这也意味着，今晚天际中有一颗星星发出的光芒，恰是在你降生时发出的。

Your personal connection to the cosmos.

您与天地的个东谈主关系。

So these distances are vast, but astronomers, throughout time, have managed to unravel and reveal mysteries of the cosmos, because light and matter interact.

这些距离是纷乱的，但天文体家长期冒失解开并揭示天地的高明，因为光和物资相互作用。

So light carries energy, and if it hits a molecule with just the right energy, that molecule will start to swing and rotate.

因此， 光佩戴能量， 若是它以稳当的能量撞击分子，该分子就会开动舞动和旋转。

So it's really the missing light, the light that doesn't make it to my telescope, that tells me which molecules the light encountered before it got to me.

因此， 实质上是缺失的光， 即未到达千里镜的光，告诉我光到达我这里之前遭受了哪些分子。

It's a little bit like a passport stamp that tells you where a traveler was before arriving here.

它有点像护照上的钤记，告诉你旅行者在抵达这里之前在那边。

So when you look at this incredible image of the Pillars of Creation taken by the James Webb Space Telescope, it is gorgeous.

是以， 当你看到詹姆斯韦伯天际千里镜拍摄的这张令东谈主难以置信的创生之柱图像时，你会认为它超过飘逸。

But if you analyze the light, you realize that we are watching a stellar nursery, where we see stars emerge and ignite.

但若是你分析光，你就会意志到咱们正在不雅察一个恒星的摇篮，在那里咱们看到恒星的出现和焚烧。

And when you look at stars in our night sky, you reveal another astonishing truth -- that you and me, all of us, are made of ancient stardust.

当你仰望夜空中的星星时，你会发现另一个惊东谈主的事实——你和我，咱们总计东谈主都是由陈腐的星尘组成的。

Because it took the heat in the core of a star and the violent explosion at the end of its lifetime to make the atoms that made you and me.

因为需要恒星中枢的热量和其人命末期的剧烈爆炸才能酿成组成你和我本人的原子。

So on a fundamental level, we are connected to each other and to the cosmos around us.

因此，从根柢上来说，咱们相互贯串，并与咱们周围的天地贯串。

And now, for the first time, we get to search for other organisms somewhere else that might be made of ancient stardust, too.

刻下，咱们第一次不错在其他场合寻找可能亦然由陈腐星尘组成的其他生物。

But when you try to find life in the universe, it is incredibly hard, because planets are so much smaller, and they are close to their bright and big stars.

可是当你尝试在天地中寻找人命时，这瑕瑜常窒碍的， 因为行星太小了，况兼它们围聚亮堂而纷乱的恒星。

And we don't only want to find planets like ours, we want to look in their air and on their surface for signs of life.

咱们不仅想找到像咱们这么的行星，咱们还想在它们的大气层和名义寻找人命的迹象。

So what we do is we wait until the planet crosses our line of sight to its star, and the light from its star hits, smashes into the atmosphere of the planet before it gets to my telescope.

因此，咱们要作念的等于恭候行星穿过咱们的视野到达其恒星，然后其恒星发出的光撞击行星大气层，然后才到达我的千里镜。

So I can look for these passport stamps to figure out what's in the air of planets very far away, and the light fingerprint.

是以我不错寻找这些护照钤记来弄明晰远方行星的空气中有什么，以及光指纹。

The best light fingerprint we have for life on the Earth is the combination of oxygen and methane for carbon-based life, with a water solvent, on a planet in the temperate zone around its star.

咱们所掌抓的地球人命的最好光指纹是，在其恒星周围温带地区的行星上，碳基人命的氧气和甲烷与水溶剂的蚁合。

But I was really curious: How long could this light fingerprint tell you that there's life on our planet?

但我果真很趣味：这种光指纹多久能告诉你咱们的星球上存在人命？

And so I figured out that, for about two billion years, the biosphere has painted signs of life into our atmosphere.

你们有没有过这样的时刻：每天清晨，被闹钟吵醒，望着天花板，心中涌起一股对上班的深深厌倦？

因此我发现， 大要二十亿年来，生物圈照旧在咱们的大气层中留住了人命的迹象。

So for half of Earth's existence, you could tell that there is life on our planet.

因此，在地球存在的一半期间里，迪士尼彩乐园2代理你不错看出咱们的星球上存在人命。

And if life does this somewhere else too, for the first time, we have now a chance to spot it.

若是其他场合的人命也存在这么的情况，咱们刻下就有契机第一次发现它。

And so searching for life in the universe actually made me see our planet completely differently.

因此，在天地中寻找人命实质上让我对咱们的星球有了十足不同的见地。

Here, for example, you see biota that colors these amazing hot sulphur springs in New Zealand this gorgeous orange color, and it lets you start to think about how different these other planets could be.

比如， 在这里， 你不错看到生物群落将新西兰令东谈主惊奇的硫磺温泉染成了丽都的橙色，这让你开动念念考其他星球可能有何等不同。

There could be could be planets completely covered in oceans, with waves that never break on a shore.

可能存在十足被海洋秘密的行星，波浪永远不会冲击海岸。

Or planets half in eternal sunlight and half in perpetual night.

或者行星一半处于不灭的阳光下，一半处于不灭的暮夜中。

Or planets that are covered with a purple landscape.

或者是被紫色景不雅秘密的行星。

Because purple bacteria is very sturdy, it can thrive under red sunlight.

由于紫色细菌超过温柔，它能在红色阳光下欣喜成长。

So eight out of ten stars out there are actually small red stars.

因此，实质上十颗星星中有八颗都是小红星。

So purple might be the new green, when searching for life in the cosmos.

因此，在寻找天地人命时，紫色可能成为新的绿色。

But we know that one out of five sun-like stars has a planet that could potentially be like ours.

但咱们知谈，五分之一的类太阳恒星中，有一颗可能领有与咱们相似的行星。

So with 200 billion stars in our Milky Way alone, that means we have billions and billions of possibilities.

因此，仅咱们的星河系就有 2000 亿颗恒星，这意味着咱们领稀有十亿种可能性。

I founded the Carl Sagan Institute at Cornell to bring thinkers and creative minds from many different fields and backgrounds and ways of life together to create the toolkit to find life in the cosmos.

我在康奈尔大学创立了卡尔萨根探究所，旨在畴昔自不同限度、配景和生存样式的念念想家和富足创造力的东谈主才聚集在一王人，创造出寻找天地人命的器用包。

And so we created a spectral database, a light-fingerprint database for habitable worlds.

因此咱们创建了一个光谱数据库，一个恰当居住星球的光指纹数据库。

And in case you're wondering, actually, Jurassic worlds, where space dinosaurs might roam somewhere else, are actually easier to find than a modern Earth, because there was more oxygen when the dinosaurs lived here.

若是你想知谈的话，实质上，侏罗纪宇宙（天际恐龙可能在其他场合漫游）实质上比当代地球更容易找到，因为恐龙生存在这里时氧气更多。

I'm not saying there are space dinosaurs, but I'm just saying if you ever wanted there to be, I'm giving you options.

我并不是说有天际恐龙，我仅仅说若是你但愿有天际恐龙，我会给你提供摄取。

(Laughter) But when you search, then one of the questions that came was also if there's life in the cosmos.

（笑声）可是当你探索的时候，随之而来的一个问题是，天地中是否存在人命。

Of course, I don't know that yet.

固然，我还不知谈。

But if there's life in the cosmos, could somebody be looking at us with just the same technology we have?

可是若是天地中存在人命，有东谈主能用咱们所领有的工夫来不雅察咱们吗？

And there's a space in the sky, a strip where you have just the right vantage point to see the Earth go in front of the Sun.

天际中有一派空间，一条狭长地带，从那里你不错看到地球在太阳前边运行的景观。

And it encapsulates about 1,000 stars within 300 light-years, what's really our cosmic background.

它涵盖了 300 光年内的大要 1,000 颗恒星，这才是咱们确凿的天地配景。

And so the question is, where could we be the aliens?

那么问题来了，咱们可能是外星东谈主吗？

Is there life in the cosmos?

天地中存在人命吗？

I don't know.

我不知谈。

We don't know yet, but I really want to find out, because the cosmos is 13.8 billion years old, but we all get to live in the most exciting time, where the search for life on other planets went from impossible to possible.

咱们还不知谈， 但我果真想找到谜底，因为天地已有 138 亿年的历史，但咱们都生存在最激昂东谈主心的时间，寻找其他星球上的人命从不成能变成了可能。

And it's at the edge of technical capability, but we're already designing larger telescopes that could catch more light of these planets to find out if there's life out there calling another planet home.

这还处于工夫才调的前沿，但咱们照旧在蓄意更大的千里镜， 不错捕捉到更多行星的光泽， 以查明外星上是否有人命。

From a tiny town in Austria, when I looked up at the stars and wondered if they could be suns to their planets, to now sitting in Carl Sagan's old office at Cornell, the journey has been challenging, inspiring and full of wonder, because those thousands of new stars, new suns [in] the sky, hold a breathtaking promise that our adventure of exploration has just begun.

我从奥地利的一个小镇仰望星空， 念念考它们是否能成为行星的太阳，到刻下坐在康奈尔大学卡尔萨根的旧办公室里，这段旅程充满挑战、荧惑东谈主心和遗址，因为天际中数以千计的新星星、新太阳，承载着令东谈主惊奇的但愿， 预示着咱们的探索之旅才刚刚开动。

So go out at night and find your favorite star, and allow yourself to wonder, what if we're not alone?

因此， 晚上出去寻找你最可爱的明星，并允许我方念念考， 若是咱们并不放心会怎样？

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Cheers and applause)

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